Cookies aren’t all there is. What are the alternatives?
Since the change to remove third-party cookies has been done and there’s no going back, it’s important for web publishers and digital advertisers to develop a comprehensive new strategy for meeting digital marketing goals in the new environment. Right after Google announced its intention to stop supporting third-party cookies, global adtech leaders started looking for possible alternatives that could replace them. Today, there are more than fifty such solutions out there.
#1: Solutions without personal IDs
On March 3, 2021, Google announced that its products will no longer use identifiers based on users’ personal data after third-party cookies are cancelled. Instead, Google will focus on cohort analysis for ad targeting.
The most advanced Google solution in this area to date is FLoC (Federated Learning of Cohorts). The FLoC algorithm tracks the websites that the users visit and combines the latter into cohorts of interests that can be targeted with ads. This solution provides that:
- Users are grouped based on similar browsing history, and data isn’t sent to external servers.
- Targeting is based not on individual IDs but on the cohorts to which they belong.
- Cohort ID prevents tracking a specific user between websites.
- For a cohort to be targetable, it must include at least 1000 users.
The FLoC solution is still in development, so it’s too early to know its true effectiveness. We know that Google has postponed FLoC testing in Europe, as it is not yet clear whether this solution complies with the GDPR. The problem is that if the browser adds a user to the cohort and assigns them an identifier, the GDPR may interpret this as a transfer of personal data. Given that users don’t provide publishers with open consent to use their data to create cohorts, Google’s decision may violate current user data privacy policies.
#2: Universal ID solutions
Then there are alternative ID solutions based on data that publishers obtain with users’ consent after they sign up for web resources. These identifiers work with encrypted email addresses and phone numbers.
Universal IDs let you identify users on various platforms and devices, for example, when they’re switching from a browser to a mobile application and vice versa.
Dozens of these solutions are already available. For example, ID5’s product unites British publishers, NetID — German ones, and Admixer ID — those in the CEE region. The ID solution acts as a link between online publishers’ and advertisers’ first-party data, allowing you to compare the user ID from different channels.
#3: Alternative solutions
One of the most promising solutions is contextual targeting. It allows showing ads to users who view sections on specific topics or visit specific web pages without binding user data. The effectiveness of this solution largely depends on the quality of the website’s schema.
For instance, Forbes USA grouped the website content into highly specific sections (lifestyle, business, entrepreneurship, investment, technology, etc.), which in turn include even more specific categories (cars, sports, finance, leisure, etc.). As a result, the website can offer unique user segments for targeting even without user identifiers.
Context targeting has its tech giants. Namely, the Washington Post, owned by Amazon, is working on its own Arc platform with a module that collects data on users and runs Zeus Prime ads. The company has already unveiled its contextual targeting technology.
#4: IAB initiatives
In February 2020, IAB Tech Lab launched its Rearc project. Its members developed the following principles that underpin alternative solutions for user identification and advertising targeting:
- Accountability. The liability system will include the best practices which advertisers must comply with to meet data privacy requirements. Independent auditors will monitor compliance.
- Addressability. Standards of usage for contextual data and user IDs, including email addresses.
- Taxonomy and Data Transparency Standards. Unification of audience segment names based on data transparency standards.
- Best Practices for User-Enabled Identity Tokens. Recommendations on how to keep email addresses and phone numbers secure and private while running personalised ads.
Last summer, leading media, brands, and tech vendors also started working on the PRAM (Partnership for Responsible Addressable Media) project. Their goal is to create a new infrastructure for commercial relationships on the Internet, which will allow users to maintain privacy, and let brands and media keep their advertising revenue. The members have already released the first version of the document, which describes the future digital advertising principles in as much detail as possible.
While speaking at the IAB ALM 2021 conference, CEO of IAB David Cohen urged Apple and Google to join other market players to work together on developing a solution that will keep the digital advertising ecosystem open and not give certain companies unhealthy competitive advantages.
With those potential solutions in mind, feel free to contact us to help you devise a digital advertising strategy in the no third-party cookie age that will still get you optimum revenue results.